---
title: ACH Reporting - Overview
description: Education and guidance
---

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# ACH Reporting - Overview

**Standard ACH payments are not guaranteed.** Unlike credit card payments, which perform real-time fund verification and reserve money instantly, an ACH payment is simply and electronic request for funds that takes 1 to 3 business days to settle.

##### **Why Standard ACH payments Fail or Return?**

Because there is no real- time balance check when an ACH transfer is initiated, a transaction can fail or be reversed after it has been submitted. Common reasons include:

- **Insufficient Funds (NSF):** The account does not have enough money to cover the transfer when the request hits the receiving bank.
- **Account Status Issues:** The bank account is closed, frozen, or invalid.

- **Stop Payments & Chargebacks:** Consumers can instruct their bank to place a stop payment or dispute a debit (e.e., claiming it was unauthorized) up to 60 days after the charge appears.
- **Administrative Errors:** Incorrect routing or account numbers provided during setup.

##### **How Merchants Address ACH Return Risks?**

Because standard ACH carries return risk, businesses managing ACH transactions generally use a few strategies to protect themselves: 

- **Holding Periods:** Merchants wait several business days until the payment fully clears and settles before shipping goods or providing services.
- **Third-Party ¨Guaranteed ACH¨ Services:** Payment processors (such as Plaid or Aeropay) offer risk-scoring services. For a fee, these services evaluate account data in real-time and assume the financial risk by reimbursing the merchant if an approved ACH transaction subsequently returns.
- **Real- Time Payment Alternatives:** Networks like RTP (Real-Time Payments) or FedNow provide instant, non- reversible, and guaranteed bank-to-bank transfers, eliminating the settlement delay inherent to traditional ACH.

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